Nitrogen Influence to the Independent Invasion and the Co-Invasion of Solidago canadensis and Conyza canadensis via Intensified Allelopathy

The allelopathy of alien plants is critical to their successful invasion. In nature, two can co-invade the same habitat. Changes in forms nitrogen may have potential alter invasion process by causing alterations allelopathy. This study aimed evaluate individual and combined from Asteraceae family, Solidago canadensis L. Conyza (L.) Cronq. examined effects aqueous leaf extracts with different (NO3−N, NH4−N, CO(NH2)2−N, mixed at a 1:1:1 ratio) on seed germination seedling growth horticultural species Lactuca sativa using bioassay. significantly reduced sativa. Extracts S. produced stronger compared those C. canadensis. mixture an antagonistic effect when each plant species. addition intensified degree influence was similar. Thus, deposition facilitate independent co-invasion via